Pathohystological features of the pituitary and adrenal glands during the chronic hypoxia

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the pathogenetic and morphogenetic features of morphofunctional changes in tissue structures (glandular and stromal) of the pituitary and adrenal glands during the chronic hypoxia.

Materials and methods of the study. The object of the study was the pituitary and adrenal glands of adult male white rats with a mass of 180-200 grams with a chronic hypoxia model. In the course of the study, histological and morphometric methods were used.

Results of the study. To prolonged hypoxia, cells, vessels and connective tissue structures of the pituitary and adrenal glands respond with various structural changes. Morphological changes in tissues are different in both glands, depending on their morphofunctional properties, as well as the degree of hypersensitivity to hypoxia. During the morphological study of the glands, the recovery period after the hypoxia in the experimental groups – reconstruction of the structure of the glands-restoration of all tissues of the adrenal gland was observed on the 15th day of the experiment and on the 30th day in the pituitary.

Conclusions. it should be noted that despite the fact that under the influence of hypoxia, various structural changes occur in the cells of the pituitary and adrenal glands, these glands play an important role in the formation of compensatory-adaptive processes of the body against the hypoxia. Since the pituitary gland is early and more susceptible to endogenous and exogenous factors compared to the adrenal glands, the pituitary gland manifests more pronounced dystrophic and destructive changes.