Urgent treatment of acute complications of hypertensive crisis
Abstract
Objective: Given the relevance of the problem of hypertension, as well as the nature of the consequences, the article discusses the diagnosis of acute complications and the tactics of emergency treatment of patients with the sudden development of a hypertensive crisis.
Materials and methods: 123 patients were examined who were admitted to the therapeutic clinic of the Azerbaijan Medical University with a hypertensive crisis. All patients (100%) had symptoms associated with an increase in blood pressure. Half of the patients were accustomed to a very high level of blood pressure (200-240 / 110-120 mm Hg or more), while 37% of the patients felt almost satisfactory (feeling, for example, only heaviness in the head) and remained working (28.9%). The hypertensive crisis in our observed patients, in 57% of cases occurred more and 16.5% of cases less suddenly and only in 26.5% of cases there were precursors. An urgent diagnosis of acute complications was carried out on the basis of the clinical picture and direct examination of the patient (headache, nausea, blurred vision, arrhythmias, disorders of the central and autonomic nervous systems, ECG results, etc.).
Results: It was found that in about half of patients, a sudden and sharp increase in blood pressure leads to such acute complications as hypertensive encephalopathy, acute coronary syndrome, manifestations of cerebrovascular accident, acute heart failure.
Conclusion: Such a dangerous complication of hypertension as hypertensive crisis requires emergency care. After the start of antihypertensive therapy for some time, it is advisable to observe the patient for the timely detection of possible complications of a hypertensive crisis.
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