THE ANALYSIS OF HEIGHT HEIGHT-LENGTH INDEX IN THE CRANIAL DEFORMATION

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the height height-length index in terms of skull deformations. The study material included 200 non non-deformed and 54 deformed skulls. Craniometric and cranioscopic methods were used in the study. The mean (M), median (Me), and 25% and 75% percentiles (Percentile 25, Percentile 75) of the studied parameters were calculated. Low and medium skulls were more typical for non non-deformed skulls; high skulls were more typical for deformed skulls (P χ2=0.017). Analysis of the height height-width index showed that high skulls (acrocranes) are more common among deformed skulls (35.3%) compared to the group of non non-deformed (19.0%) skulls (P χ2=0.018). The statistically insignificant difference in the longitudinal and transverse dimensions between the non non-deformed and deformed skulls, as well as the establishment of a statistically significant difference in the height of the basion basion-bregma between the above groups, is a consequence of the fact that the basion point on the base of the skull and the bregma point on its vault were displaced as a result of deformation. In cases of deformation, the displacement of the basion leads to an elongation of the skull base (P F <0.001, P U =0.001) and the depth of the face (PF<0.001, PU=0.002) compared to the group of non non-deformed skulls. It was also found that the frontal chord in deformed skulls is larger, and the bregma is located behind (PF=0.003; PU=0.006). For the parietal chord, the mean value for non non-deformed skulls was 108.0 mm (Me – 107.7 mm, Q1, Percentile 25 – 102.4 mm, Q3, Percentile 75 – 112.2 mm); with deformation, the mean value of the studied parameter was 110.9 mm (Me – 110.5 mm, Q1, Percentile 25 – 105.0 mm, Q3, Percentile 75 – 115.0 mm). The difference was statistically significant (PF=0.007; PU=0.005). Analysis of the height height-length index on the cranial sutures, where the measurement points are located, showed that the processes of growth and formation occur according to patterns with very complex regulation mechanisms. The study shows the localization of the basion and bregma based on craniometric indicators, cranial sutures, and the pyramidal angle.